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Erna Lendvai-Dircksen
Erna Lendvai-Dircksen (born Erna Katherina Wilhelmine Dircksen, 31 May 1883 – 8 May 1962) was a German photographer known for a series of volumes of portraits of rural individuals from throughout Germany. During the Third Reich, she also photographed for eugenicist publications and was commissioned to document the new autobahn and the workers constructing it.
==Career==
Born in Wetterburg, now part of Bad Arolsen, Erna Dircksen studied painting at the Kunsthochschule Kassel from 1903 to 1905, and photography at the Lette Verein from 1910 to 1911.〔Anne Maxwell, ''Picture Imperfect: Photography and Eugenics, 1870–1940'', Brighton, Sussex / Portland, Oregon: Sussex Academic Press, 2008, ISBN 9781845192396, (p. 194 ).〕〔Ute Eskildsen ''et al''., ed., ''Fotografieren hieß Teilnehmen: Fotografinnen der Weimarer Republik'', Catalogue of exhibitions at Museum Folkwang Essen, Fundació "La Caixa", Barcelona, Jewish Museum, New York, Düsseldorf: Richter, 1994, ISBN 9783928762267, (n.p. ) 〕 She may have opened a photographic studio in Hellerau, near Dresden, in 1913.〔Maureen Grimm, "Leben und Werk", in section ''Erna Lendvai-Dircksen—eine völkische Porträtfotografin?'', in ''Menschenbild und Volksgesicht: Positionen zur Porträtfotografie im Nationalsozialismus'', ed. Falk Blask and Thomas Friedrich, ''Berliner Blätter'' Sonderheft 36, Münster: LIT, 2005, ISBN 9783825886974, pp. 39–48, (p. 39 ).〕 From 1916 to 1943, she had a portrait studio in Berlin. By 1918 she had a growing reputation, particularly for her nude photography, and was increasingly using a highly realistic style.〔 Already in 1911, she had become interested in portraying the country people of Germany, after accidentally photographing a blacksmith and a farmer while on holiday.〔 In her writings she later expressed a highly romantic view of rural life and contempt for urban life.〔Carmen Böker, ("Das vermessene Gesicht" ), ''Berliner Zeitung'' 23 July 2005 〕〔Sarah Jost, "Unter Volksgenossen. Agrarromantik und Großstadtfeindschaft", in ''Menschenbild und Volksgesicht'', pp. 105–20, (p. 110 ) 〕 Beginning in 1917, she made a series of photo-portraits of Germans of different regions, a selection of which won first prize at an exhibition in Frankfurt in 1926.〔 On the strength of this she was able to publish some of them in the ''Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung'' in 1930.〔Grimm, (p. 42 ).〕
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